GlobalEd 2 may sound like a game that leads to world domination, but it’s actually one that leads to word domination.
Writing quality and self-efficacy scores of middle schoolers in many cases double after 14 weeks participating in the computerized, interdisciplinary, problem-based social studies game. GlobalEd 2 calls for classrooms to represent assigned countries and – via monitored email, chat, and other secure online interactions – work with other “countries” to find solutions for water supply, climate change, and other real-world, contemporary science problems.
Pre- and post-game evaluations of students also show improved critical and scientific thinking, leadership, engagement, and problem solving abilities. African-American students from schools located in urban, low economic areas tend to have the biggest increases, closing any academic gaps seen at the start of the game between them and their Caucasian, suburban counterparts.
But it’s perhaps the excitement for learning and individualized educational accomplishments that students write about in post-game evaluations that excite GlobalEd 2 coordinators the most.
“GlobalEd 2 takes technology that’s available in most middle schools and encourages students to use it to become decision makers, negotiators, persuasive writers, and problem solvers, as well as to learn about different countries, governments, and the very real human and science-related problems our world faces today,” says GlobalEd 2 co-developer Scott Brown, professor of educational psychology in the Neag School of Education, who created the original version of the program with Mark Boyer, professor and head of UConn’s political science department.
“The best part: most of them want to do it,” Brown adds. “It’s fun – in many respects it’s like video gaming – and when you’re able to come up with a hard-to-find solution or negotiate a deal with another country, it’s exciting too. For educators, it’s an empowering and innovative way to transfer knowledge, engage students in meaningful learning, and meet local, state, and national demands for improved literacy, math, and science skills.”
More than 5,000 public middle school students in 14 states, two foreign countries (Greece and Cyprus), and 35 Connecticut towns have participated in GlobalEd since its inception in 1998. Continuously funded by U.S. Department of Education grants, the program has been updated several times. It is currently run as a partnership between UConn and the University of Illinois-Chicago, where Kimberly Lawless – a graduate of the Neag School’s doctoral program in Educational Psychology: Cognition & Instruction – teaches and serves as chair of the UIC educational psychology department.
“It’s great to watch these kids working in the classroom, because what you see is kids excited about education,” says Lawless. “They’re noisy because they’re having meaty conversations or collaborating on the best way to get their point across.” Lawless and Brown gave a presentation on GlobalEd 2 at the 2011 International Association for Development of the Information Society conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, and published a paper in the IADIS journal in 2011.
“The ability of the program to make such an impact on students in such a short amount of time is something I’m especially proud of, especially when you compare student improvements in high socioeconomic and low socioeconomic schools,” Lawless adds. “All the students improve significantly, but urban schools improved the most. Sure, they had more to gain, but we also feel GlobalEd engages students in a way that they haven’t experienced in the past. It’s not science with tests and beakers. It’s science in the real world.”
Any seventh- or eighth-grade social studies teacher willing to take part in the mandatory three days of paid summer training can have their class participate in GlobalEd. The program runs once a year and is generally limited to 12-18 classrooms.
Phase 1 of GlobalEd consists of six to eight weeks of in-depth research before the actual “game” begins. Classrooms are assigned a country and, through the secure GlobalEd website, given writing tasks, questions, and problems designed to educate students about the country’s geography, government, economics, culture, health challenges, and human rights issues.
Students are then presented with a science crisis that affects all the countries and challenged to come up with not just a solution, but one that every country agrees to. The scenario is set six months into the future to minimize the impact of current news events.
Connecticut and Chicago seventh- and eighth-graders who participated last school year were tasked with coming up with global solutions to slow or reverse climate change and rapidly shrinking water resources.
“Past scenarios have included stopping a flu pandemic and putting a stop to child labor, and next year we hope to focus on food production and finding alternative fuel resources,” Brown notes, “because they’re real challenges countries are facing right now and that very well at some point may affect the students participating.”
During Phase 2 of GlobalEd – the simulation or actual playing of the game – UConn doctoral students experienced in international relations monitor and track students’ exchanges, offering feedback and suggestions designed to encourage students to think critically, as well as consider the tone and tact of their communications with other countries. They also make sure students stay “in character,” use proper diplomatic language, stay respectful, and present suggestions that are both doable and consistent with their country’s resources, culture, and values.
To avoid the stereotyping, only students’ initials and country names are used in communications. Students are not told the name, gender, race, or location of their competitors, which ensures “even ground,” says Brown.
“We know the stereotypes, and there are plenty of them – that girls aren’t really interested in science; that the white kids from the suburbs will do better at the game than the African-American kids from the inner city,” he continued. “But when you take all those social stereotypes that suppress a child’s ability to learn or believe in him or herself, there’s nothing but possibilities and opportunities for learning. And that’s exciting.”
Although there are no official winners in the game, each classroom’s goal is to negotiate an agreement with at least one other country by the end of the eight-week simulation period.
Students representing the countries that achieve that goal then have bragging rights during the two weeks of debriefing that make up Phase 3.
“Kids are competitive, and GlobalEd causes students to step up and give their all to find the best solutions to whatever scientific crisis they’ve been given,” says Rick Coppola, an eighth-grade teacher at John B. Drake Elementary School in Chicago, who’s participated in GlobalEd the past two years. “No kid wants to hear from the game monitor that they’re slacking. They want to hear that they are doing stellar, which is what turns out to be the case.
“Hands-on, applied learning is so much more interesting than watching me – or any teacher – stand up at a podium and lecture,” Coppola adds. “It’s dynamic, cooperative learning, and because the problems students need to solve are multi-faceted, there’s a job for everyone. Kids interested in research might focus on research; those who are very vocal may become the diplomats; and there are so many responsibilities and layers that it’s hard for anyone to slink into the background and let others do the work. It’s amazing how seriously kids take GlobalEd, pushing themselves and their friends to make the kind of evidenced-based arguments needed to successfully negotiate a deal.”
Notes Brown, “GlobalEd changes the way teachers teach and students think. Not every student who comes through the program will go on to become an engineer or geneticist, but they will have the skills and abilities needed to be better problem solvers and decision makers, see the relationship between local and global issues, and communicate their ideas more effectively. We also hope they have the realization that learning isn’t just confined to a classroom. It’s ongoing.”
